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- $Unique_ID{BRK01200}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Eye Examination for Hypertension}
- $Subject{hypertension eyes examination sense senses circulatory arteries blood
- vessels eye double vision spots blurring pressure high retina retinal artery
- vein optic optical eyeball eyeballs}
- $Volume{F-4}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (c) 1991-92,1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
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-
- Eye Examination for Hypertension
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-
- QUESTION: I suffer from hypertension. I take note that my physician always
- looks into my eyes with his instruments, and tells me he can actually tell the
- condition of my arteries. Can you tell me what he is seeing? I am most
- curious.
-
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-
- ANSWER: The eye is truly the window of the body. It is the only place
- through which the physician can examine the condition of the blood vessels
- without actually cutting through the surface of the skin. He can note signs
- of hypertension when he sees changes in the size and shape of the blood
- vessels at the back of your eyes. Most patients with hypertension don't
- develop significant visual problems, but the eye signs may be helpful in
- managing brain and heart complications that may happen. It is often possible
- to determine the severity and duration of the hypertension by examining the
- eye. Narrow, constricted, thickened vessels, leakage of fluid, hemorrhage
- and retinal degeneration can occur at various stages of hypertension. Double
- vision, spots in your vision and blurring of vision may be the first sign that
- your blood pressure is too high.
- Hypertension can also cause damage to the tiny blood vessels
- (capillaries) within the retina. The retina, the thin nerve tissue lining the
- inside of the back of the eye, receives light images and transmits them to the
- brain, creating vision. The first response of the little retinal arteries to
- hypertension is narrowing. If high blood pressure quickly returns to normal,
- the retinal vessels return to their normal state. Uncontrolled, severe and
- long-standing high blood pressure can cause retinal damage and vision loss.
- When the tiny retinal blood vessels become hardened from years of
- hypertension, the retina cannot get adequate oxygen or nutrition. These
- damaged blood vessels can rupture, causing hemorrhage into the eye. A sudden
- appearance of spots or streaks in your vision is caused by blood leaking from
- the retinal vessels. In addition to blood vessels hardening and narrowing,
- vessel walls become thicker after many years, hindering the smooth flow of
- blood to the retina and pressing on veins that cross them, thus blocking
- normal blood return. Blurring of vision may occur from blockage in either a
- retinal artery or vein. Your physician is practicing good medicine with his
- regular eye checks.
-
-
- Resources:
-
- Glasspool, M. Eyes: Their Problems and Treatments. NY: Arco, 1984,
- p. 98-100.
-
- Michelson, P. Insight into Eyesight: The Patient's Guide to Visual
- Disorders. Chicago, Nelson-Hall, 1980:173,176.
-
- Madias, NE. What You Can Do About High Blood Pressure. Wellesley, MA:
- Arandel, 1978:27.
-
- Walsh, JB. The ocular fundus mirrors its severity. Consultant 29:92-104,
- 1989.
-
- Becker, RA. Hypertension and arteriosclerosis, in: Duane. Clinical
- Ophthalmology 1989, (3) 13:1-21.
-
- Hedges, TR. Consultation in Ophthalmology. Phila, PA: BC Decker,
- 1987:183.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-
-